The Pullman Strike of 1894 19th Century History

The Pullman Strike of 1894 was a milestone in American labor history, as the  widespread strike by railroad workers brought business to a standstill across large parts of the nation until the federal government took unprecedented action to end the strike. President Grover Cleveland ordered federal troops to crush the strike, and dozens were killed in violent clashes in the streets of Chicago, where the strike was centered. Key Takeaways: The Pullman Strike Strike affected rail transportation nationwide, essentially bringing American business to a halt.Workers resented not only cut in wages, but managements intrusiveness into their personal lives.The federal government became involved, with federal troops being sent to open railroads.Massive strike changed how Americans viewed relationship of workers, management, and the federal government. Stakes of the Strike The strike was an intensely bitter battle between workers and company management, as well as between two major characters, George Pullman, owner of the  company making railroad passenger cars, and Eugene V. Debs, leader of the American Railway Union. The significance of the Pullman Strike was enormous. At its peak, approximately a quarter-million workers were on strike. And the work stoppage affected much of the country, as effectively shutting down the railroads shut down much of American business at the time. The strike also had a huge influence on how the federal government and the courts would handle labor issues. Issues at play during the Pullman Strike included how the public viewed the rights of workers, the role of management in the lives of workers, and the role of government in mediating labor unrest. The Inventor of the Pullman Car George M. Pullman was born in 1831 in upstate New York, the son of a carpenter. He learned carpentry himself  and moved to Chicago, Illinois in the late 1850s. During the Civil War, he began building a new kind of railroad passenger car, which had berths for passengers to sleep. Pullmans cars became popular with the railroads, and in 1867 he formed the Pullman Palace Car Company. Pullmans Planned Community for Workers In the early 1880s, as his company prospered and his factories grew, George Pullman began planning a town to house his workers. The community of Pullman, Illinois, was created according to his vision on the prairie on the outskirts of Chicago. In the new town, a grid of streets surrounded the factory. There were row houses for workers, and foremen and engineers lived in larger houses. The town also had banks, a hotel, and a church. All were owned by Pullmans company. A theater in the town put on plays, but they had to be productions that adhered to the strict moral standards set by George Pullman. The emphasis on morality was pervasive. Pullman was determined to create an environment vastly different from the rough urban neighborhoods that he viewed as a major problem in Americas rapidly industrializing society. Saloons, dance halls, and other establishments that would have been frequented by working class Americans of the time were not allowed within the city limits of Pullman. And it was widely believed that company spies kept a watchful eye on the workers during their hours off the job. The intrusiveness of management in the private lives of workers naturally became a source of resentment. Cuts to Wages as Rents Endure Despite growing tensions among his workers, George Pullmans vision of a paternalistic community organized around a factory fascinated the American public for a time. When Chicago hosted the Columbian Exposition, the Worlds Fair of 1893, international visitors flocked to see the model town created by Pullman. Things changed dramatically with the Panic of 1893, a severe financial depression that affected the American economy. Pullman cut the wages of workers by one third, but he refused to lower the rents in the company housing. In response, the American Railway Union, the largest American union at the time, with 150,000 members, took action. The local branches of the union called for a strike at the Pullman Palace Car Company complex on May 11, 1894. Newspaper reports said the company was surprised by the men walking out. Pullman Strike Spreads Nationwide Outraged by the strike at his factory, Pullman closed the plant, determined to wait out the workers. Pullmans stubborn strategy might have worked except the A.R.U. members called on the national membership to get involved. The unions national convention voted to refuse to work on any train in the country that had a Pullman car, which brought the nations passenger rail service to a standstill George Pullman had no power to crush a strike which had suddenly spread far and wide. The American Railway Union managed to get about 260,000 workers nationwide to join in the boycott. At times, Debs, the leader of the A.R.U., was portrayed by the press as a dangerous radical leading an insurrection against the American way of life. Government Crushes the Strike The U.S. attorney general, Richard Olney, became determined to crush the strike. On July 2, 1894, the federal government got an injunction in federal court which ordered an end to the strike. President Grover Cleveland sent federal troops to Chicago to enforce the court ruling. When they arrived on July 4, 1894, riots broke out in Chicago, and 26 civilians were killed. A railroad yard was burned. A New York Times story with a quotation given by Debs on Independence Day: The first shot fired by the regular soldiers at the mobs here will be the signal for civil war. I believe this as firmly as I believe in the ultimate success of our course. Bloodshed will follow, and 90 percent of the people of the United States will be arrayed against the other 10 percent. And I would not care to be arrayed against the laboring people in the contest, or find myself out of the ranks of labor when the struggle ended. I do not say this as an alarmist, but calmly and thoughtfully. On July 10, 1894, Debs was arrested. He was charged with violating the court injunction and was eventually sentenced to six months in federal prison. While in prison, Debs read the works of Karl Marx and became a committed radical, which he had not been previously. Significance of the Strike The use of federal troops to put down a strike was a milestone, as was the use of the federal courts to curtail union activity. In the 1890s, the threat of more violence inhibited union activity, and companies and government entities relied on the courts to suppress strikes. As for George Pullman, the strike and the violent reaction to it forever diminished his reputation. He died of a heart attack on Oct. 18, 1897. He was buried in a Chicago cemetery and tons of concrete were poured over his grave. Public opinion had turned against him to such a degree that it was believed Chicago residents might desecrate his body. Resources and Further Reading â€Å"Debs Wildly Talks Civil War; First Shot From Soldiers, He Says, Will Cause Revolution.† New York Times, 5 July 1894.

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Unit Nurse Managers, wanted procedural sedation cases to be scheduled with the Physicians completing the pre-sedation checklist prior to procedure per The Joint Commission standards. They wanted a less time consuming process for documentation per procedure and to have adequate learning modules. Requested a system that will allow them to better track procedures and RN competencies within their departments. Frontline staff RNs, stated that they wanted less time consuming user-friendly system with adequate training on systems. In addition, they wanted better communication on updates and new resources from the Nurse Managers and adequate staff support to assist with procedures that will allow accurate charting. Physicians, who perform†¦show more content†¦There are a number ethical implication that Thrive Healthcare is faced with and must take into consideration when implementing new work flows, process, and standard practices. The largest ethical dilemma it faces it the proper handling of patients and members personal and medical information. Committed to operating under integrity, Thrive Healthcare take special precaution to ensure that they adhere to Protected Health Information (PHI) and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability (HIPAA) laws and guidelines. HIPAA laws were established in 1996, which obligated the Security of the U.S Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to create regulations that protect the privacy and the security of particular health information (HSS, n.d). This is embedded in the culture and business practices of the organization, it is the expressed expectation and apart of annual compliance training as a condition of employment. This is to ensure that every employee across the continuum knows and understands how to handle PHI and HIPAA. In a new era of technology, cell phones are often times the primary tool used by staff in the workplace, whether it is status updates, workplace selfies and pictures shared. It now poses a new threat to PHI and HIPAA. Staff may think it is okay to speak about a patient they encountered, or a disagreement with a supervisor or co-worker in the public setting. However this can be

THtruemilk Free Essays

Vietnam Is gradually open the economy to well-come there of International trade, which create a great Incentive for any Industry, Including dairy Industry, to expand production, enhance competition and better benefit domestic as well as foreign consumers. Dairy products offered in Vietnam market today, for that reason, become various. HTH True milk, the young and potential producer in this industry, has been well-known as a domestic firm providing high-qualified dairy products with acceptable price. We will write a custom essay sample on THtruemilk or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the band new economy background, HTH True milk also cope with ever competition, but still not only survive but also continuously get further step In dominating the domestic market. Fresh milk Is one of HTH group’s strategy, and an outstanding example of HTH true milk’s success in term of market share as well. To clarify culprits for HTH true milk’s prosper and also work out some suggestion for its further development, our group has managed to make some analysis of overall market, business environment, brand, customers and competitor s as well as SOOT matrix applied for the company Itself. The marketing plan Is composed of 5 mall parts: Firstly, in the part of current marketing situation , market situation, product review, competitive review, distribution situation would be clarified. Secondly, SOOT analysis indicates strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities to help company see through where they are standing in the dairy market and make decision to deal with: capitalizing on strengths, overcoming weaknesses, maximizing opportunities, and eliminating any threats or turning them Into opportunities. In the next part, objectives and Issues would be mentioned. _ After that, marketing strategy including signposting, product, pricing and promotion strategy plus distribution strategy will be discussed. And based on the company’s strategies, the action program is established II. HTH True milk was established In 2009 with the financial advisor of the Bank of North Salsa commercial Joint stock. The True milk enters the mature dairy market and face with many veteran competitors. Figure: Vietnamese dairy revenue from 2004-2009(unit: billion VEND) (Source: Hauberk securities’ annual report) Vietnam dairy Industry has experienced a significantly growing trend In revenue urine the period 2004-2009 as the sales doubled to VEND 8,503 billion In 2009 as compared to the figure of VEND,084 billion in 2004. This development attracted a lot of companies to invest in this potential market, forcing HTH true milk to involve in a great competition for survival. There are about 50 dairy companies in Vietnam, mostly small and medium sized companies. The biggest competitors are: Vanilla, Dutch Lady Vietnam, Nestle Vietnam, Nutrition, F N Vietnam and Hangnails. However, the market Is very concentrated and 65% belong to 2 major manufacturers are Valhalla How to cite THtruemilk, Papers